Thursday, 11 August 2011

Plotting volcanic water

This stunning map from 1866 shows the influence of volcanoes on the geomorphology of the Auckland region: http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/auckland-places/19/2
Seeing that map and learning about Auckland's geomorphology has given me a new understanding of volcanoes and their role in natural and man-made water activities in the Auckland region:
  • Waterfalls over volcanic lava in the Waitakere Ranges
  • Orakei and Panmure Basins - volcanic craters connected to the ocean
  • Lake Pupuke - a fresh water lake
  • One Tree Hill - the porous basalt lava creates an acquifer with 27300 cubic metres of water flowing through it every day (is used as the water supply for the surrounding area - http://www.arc.govt.nz/environment/volcanoes-of-auckland/water-resources.cfm)
  • Meola Creek - created by lava flows from Mt Eden
  • Western Springs - natural springs dammed to become a lake
  • Mt Eden & many other cones containing reservoirs either within or on the slopes
Altogether 48 volcanoes are within 20km of Auckland's centre, almost all of which have been modified by people (including several cones destroyed for the construction of Auckland Airport and Mangere sewage treatment plant).
Yesterday our class heard a talk from an environmentalist and a biologist.  The impact on Auckland's waterways by humans is massive.  A brief list from the lecture includes:
  • drained wetlands
  • removal of vegetation
  • dammed rivers for stormwater outlets
  • piped rivers
  • urbanisation creating impervious surfaces leading to runoff and species being flushed out to sea
  • extracted water for drinking
  • extracted sediment
  • introduced pest species - fish, weeds, trees (which now dominate)
Combining all these factors: the extent of volcanic influence on the geological formation of Auckland, the importance of the cones in contemporary life, how humans have permanently changed the formation of the cones and their impact on waterways - it's vital that this unique environment is protected from any further damage and, where possible, restored.
Next step: develop my project further, and connect and map these water features.

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